What Is Peace Journalism Media Essay

What Is placidity tidings media Media EssayHow could the media contri ande to love-in-idleness grammatical construction? about of the ease settlements even with the Oslo recreation Accords in the warf bemness East, the Dayton Accords which ended the Bosnian War took place as far a instruction from the media as possible. It is k directlyn to the related partied of the field situations that media is usu eachy watch overn as a threat. On that perspective this study pass on measure the importance of quietness discussion media as new concept of news media and its acceptance to the earreach as nonp areil of the tools for world heartsease. Peace is everlastingly related with difference of opinion as its nature, so this study go away find the attitude of auditory modality to Peace news media.Key-Words Peace news media, War news media, Conflict resolutions, listenings of media.IntroductionWhen few journalists and detectives corresponding David Loyn, Philips arg ued against slumber of mind news media then Jack lynch and Annabel McGoldrick argued in favour of it. They tried to find the real distinctions, debated over duty or violate points of quiet news media. Academic writers and scholars also commented on the topic. Some thought it was critical, some thought its non critical enough and some thought its breach than war journalism as journalism.This study will find the macrocosm and necessity of heartsease journalism in the contemporary civilised world when the planet earth is facing undeclargond world war with contrasting battle fields and the manipulation of media publicity with propaganda.BackgroundPeace journalism follows a long hi allegory of news publication originating in non-sectarian Christian peace movements and societies of the early 19th century, which published periodicals. Sectarian organizations also created publications think on peace as part of their proselytizing in the 19th century, as did utopian communities of the period. From the 20th century, a prominent example of sectarian journalism foc utilise on peace wasDorothy DaysCatholic Worker.Besides existence an element in the histories ofpacifismand thesocial movementpress, peace journalism is a set ofjournalism practices that emerged in the 1970s. Norwegian sociologist, peace researcher and practitionerJohan Galtungproposed the idea of peace journalism for journalists to follow to draw how a value bias towards violence can be vitiateed when covering war and encroach.Christian organisations such as TheWorld Council of Churchesand TheWorld Association for Christian Communicationalso practice peace journalism.Professor Johan Galtung, a prof on Peace Studies and director of the TRANSCEND ne twainrk, started using the term, Peace news media in the 1970s. Conflict and Peace Forums, a think-tank developed Galtungs original ideas in a series of inter topic conferences from 1997-99, and in publications The Peace Journalism excerption (1998 ) What Are Journalists For? (1999), and, Using Conflict Analysis in Reporting (2000). former BBC journalists Jake Lynch and Annabel McGoldrick adopted the Phrase Peace Journalism and they became scholars and educator in peace journalism.What is peace journalism?As Lynch and McGoldrick describe the password peace journalism is misunderstood as advocating peace. They agree that the phrase Peace Journalism would non appeal to all. They also tried to make a definition which was Peace Journalism is when editors and physical compositioners make choices- of what stories to newspaper publisher and about how to report them- that create opportunities for society at large to consider and value non- crazy responses to conflict. (Lynch and McGoldrick, 2005)Today, journalists practically write and report from a third-person perspective and it seems corresponding they just report the facts. If journalists compete not to distort each report to publish the facts as they are, while maintaining awareness of the reporting impact, then it may fall in step with the ideals of peace journalism. however journalism is not only reporting. In a feature or article a journalist could utter e genuinely fairness of fact even from a first-person position.Characteristics of Peace JournalismLynch and McGoldrick readinged that journalists would not do just for the idea and practice but they should know the differences amongst Peace and War Journalism and how they could avoid from spicy the war journalism as perpetually its character is propaganda.Understanding peace is very important. Without knowledge no journalist could engage with the mission. The first define to seek peace is impertinent situation. In my understanding, if the situation is peaceful from source then no advocacy on peace is needed. Because there is already peace there. They need development journalism rather peace. So within a strange situation if the question of peace arises then the journalist does their mi ssion with their understanding first.Then as part of peace journalism they need to measure the conflicting stories and the role of disputed parties. For a greater knowledge, Jake Lynch and Annabel McGoldrick prescribed 17 tips for better peace journalism. They describe what to avoid and what to accept.Whos get ahead?Some western journalists advocate through their reporting to reassert the aggression by the super powers on any sovereign (?) sylvan and nation, endings on their assets and killing their citizens for the greater interest of world peace (?). each destruction and mass killing is treated as collateral damage. For their own excerption media often overlook the mankind. Reporters must impact with ingraftment (a big joke on neutral journalism) other(a)wise they could easily end up dead. at that place is no peace journalism without a conflicting situation or a war or damages against any civilisation. So any conflicting situation is a pre-requisite for peace journalism if any media desires that. And it always depends on the choices by the editor or authority of the media not to the reporter.But peace is made neither by culture alone, nor by politics and economics alone.It is made by all three, synergistically.The formula for peace is always equality, equity, and inter metamorphoseable respect.We have to learn to celebrate not only the peace elements in our own culture but also in others. (Galtung, 2003).Peace is always for the benefit of the people and they are the audience. Peace is act of non-violence with creativity which was described by Jake Lynch and Annabel McGoldrick as followers from the life of three superlative personalities of human raceMohammed laid down his cloak in the Kaba at Mecca to forestall violence in a quarrel over who had the right to have a bun in the oven a sacred black stone. It meant everyone could lift a deferral of the cloak with the stone placed in the middle.Christ intervened to foreclose the stoning of an adult eress by saying, let him who is without sin cast the first stone.The Buddha intervened to pr aftermath a war breaking out over water. She reminded the parties that the water was deserving very little. Whereas the lives of their warriors were beyond price.Peace to be peace, must give something to every one. If it is for one party/person and against another, it cannot be peace. (Jake Lynch and Annabel McGoldrick, 2000)objectivity and DiscontentsObjectivity and peace journalism totally depends on the authority of media. A self-employed could cry on social media for peace and pro-fare objectives but people always use to depend on the main media of the world. But the forgivelance cannot change anything through his crying.David Loyn criticised peace journalism not only as his call up but also attacked it as meaningless, worst and misleading journalism. He wrote reporting wars in the way of encouraging peacemaker rather than warriors are the roughly(prenominal) dangerous part of peac e journalism as it became as a new orthodoxy.How does objectivity work in practice? Anyone who has ever interviewed two observers of the same incident knows that there is no perfect account. Each reporter takes a view from somewhere. When a Russian armoured infantry attach to arrived in Kosovo out of the blue in 1999, after the NATO bombing endeavour but before NATO ground troops, and seized the airport in a hook raid, a British and a Russian journalist would have cover the same event completely differently. in that location could be no concord narrative- but both would use the tool of objectivity to tell the story in their own terms, and in the terms understood by their viewers, listeners or readers.Here this study only could observe the debate between the scholars in favour or against peace journalism. It is also seems quite dangerous to even up the right or wrong of the both sides. Both Lynch and Loyn argued on the theory rather than practicality of the circumstances of jou rnalism of this time.Media has become to a greater extent visible, readable, and sonic than ever in human history. Beside the reality its importance also pull in by the powers who are doing everything against peace. In every country where there is a government that has their own interest at heart rather than the peoples. any the supporter of peace or war loves to use media as their propaganda mechanism. So that they invisibly control over the media authority thus they control the reporting. civilize conflict or war reporting is not possible without an embed or attachment situation which ultimately paralyses the life of a neat journalism. Media authority also dont wishing to take any risk on the life of a journalist where there is a greater come up to assassinate the reporter even in a friendly set up scenario for his truth. These types of practice are already taking place.It is a fact that to continue with a huge establishment no media authority would take any risk to stand against the powers of the world. Only a few but they are also backed by some other powers. There is no neutrality. Peace journalism creates some questions. Why peace and for whom? When does the topic of peace arise? How could we define peace as a peace not as a trick?Critical peace journalismThere are some other types of journalism which are also not branded as peace journalism but their actions ultimately goes to the benefit for peace journalism. Noam Chomsky and Robert Fisk are two of them.This study found both of them as critical peace journalists. But they are not recognised as peace journalist at all. This study will evaluate their new published articles on the assassination of Osama hive away Laden which brought their replys to the audience and it carries the heart and soul of world peace in final.Robert Fisk So now for a reality check. The world is not safer for Bin Ladens killing. It is safer because of the winds of freedom blowing through the Middle East. If the wester n United States treats the people of this region with justice rather than military firepower, then radical becomes even more irrelevant than it has been since the Arab revolutions. (Independent, 4/05/2011)Noam Chomsky We might ask ourselves how we would be reacting if Iraqi commandos landed at George W. Bushs compound, assassinated him, and tinkers damned his body in the Atlantic.There is also much media discussion of Washingtons anger that Pakistan didnt turn over bin Laden, though surely elements of the military and security forces were aware of his presence in Abbottabad. Less is said about Pakistani anger that theU.S.invaded their territory to carry out a political assassination. Anti-American fervour is already very high in Pakistan, and these events are kindredly to exacerbate it. The decision to dump the body at sea is already, predictably, provoking both anger and disbelief in much of the Muslim world. (guernicamag.com, 6/05/2011)The two above cases intelligibly indicat ed that both the articles warned the related parties about the situations from the perspective of audiences and its target against the conflict in favour of peace. The author of this study finds those as critical peace journalism which was not widely accepted e or circulated as peace journalism rather than criticism.The way the media present conflict and violence will be a major factor in determining the reaction war, or peace. One assumption is readiness to identify the legitimate goals of the other. Most parties are carriers of mixed bags of goals, so the task is to provide an umbrella for all legitimate goals. Sufficient prominence of such possible outcomes in the media is a basic necessary, if not sufficient, condition. (Galtung, 2006)War Journalism -VS- Peace JournalismThe commonplace understanding on war journalism is that its violence oriented where the elits or power ground forces use media as their propaganda mechanism. All the related parties want to see their possible supremacy in the war reporting. Also the national media have the same desire as their audience in a conflicting situation.In the same way Peace Journalism is based on conflict but peace oriented and reports should be truth oriented and reports mostly cover both parties in the conflict for a better solution or outcome avoiding a more disasturus situation.In a phrase, Peace Journalism is a broader, fairer and more accurate way of framing stories, drawing on the insights of conflict analysis and transformation. The Peace Journalism approach provides a new road map for tracing the connections between journalists, their sources, the stories they cover and the consequences of their reporting the ethics of journalistic intervention. It opens up a literacy of non-violence and creativity as applied to the practical job of everyday reporting. (Lynch and McGoldrick, 2001)As Lynch mentioned war journalism isViolence/war liePropaganda-orientedElite- orientedVictory- OrientedAnd peace Journalis m itself is thereforePeace/conflict orientedTruth- orientedPeople- orientedSolution orientedProblems for reporting on a conflict situation is that when two nations start fighting each other, both sides automatically become involved in psycological warefare also. In that situation side wants to see their victory. Here is the success of war journalism. To capitalise on that position, super powers let in journalism with attachment just to control the media for propaganda. In a conflicting situation to overcome human possibility there is no selection but peace reporting for a possible calm situation. But it may not possible all the time.Kathleen OToole of Stanford University news service quoted from crowd Schear, deputy assistant secretary of defence for peacekeeping and humanitarian affairs that for most of the parties in most of the conflicts, war is a safer bet than peace. pack Schear told the campus audience and described it as a brutally depressing fact. Schear antecedently w orked for the United Nations in Cambodia and Bosnia.War is often safer, he said, because it has a old(prenominal) pattern it imposes order, stifles dissent, generates profits in Angola and other places, provides employment, provides a pathway to advance. (OToole, 1997) routine of social media for peaceSocial media plays a major role in the field of mass communication. That role could recognise as one of the event of journalism also. When journalists fail to publish any report to their respective media they are leaking the topic or report to the public through social media. Any member of the public could have the chance to publish any news in the social media as well. In terms of peace journalism there is a huge opportunity to serve the people targeting a peaceful environment avoiding any conflict or war situation. A Reporter could avail of the advantage of wider publicity of social media to reach the audience and to get a prompt response from the audience.Journalism of Social Media now is a reality. The web has changed everything. Anybody with a blog can be a reporter, with a mobile phone can be a photographic camera man, and even on Facebook, Twitter or a thousand other platforms can be a news editor or at least acurator. So its easy to see the power that lies in the future of social media.The future of social media in journalism will see the death of social media. That is, all media as we know it directly will become social, and feature a social component to one extent or another. After all, much of the web experience, particularly in the way we consume content, is becomingsocial and personalized. ( Lavrusik 2010)So its possible that tralatitious media could be merge with social media meaning the content of Peace Journalism would be different from now. Journalists would be more realistic and even free to serve their ideas for audience without any type of super-power pressure which could distort the news content. But still its difficult to know whether th e audience would accept more peace journalism than war. Though it differs the mind of audiences is still more or less captured by violence. They love to play violent video naughtys, watch violent movies, documentaries even bloody sports they like more than anything. They like to see the victory over others, its a psycological matter but on that reason nought could be definitive whether audience would accept peace journalism or not. earshot of Peace JournalismWar may be blunt for mankind but peace never will be pointless. If peace journalism is a mission then it could not be a pointless topic. It is very hard to see how it could be a ordinary one and how to get journalists to view the topic as one of the most important requirements for mankind. Theoretically there is no alternative but peace journalism at this stage for the audience, but other researchers, academic and journalists argued on that point that its not possible to find a solution of conflicts universal but beyond the co nventional duties of journalism.The mass media dont parrot militaristic arguments as bluntly as bloggers, but theres no great taste for peace there, either. I cant name a single major columnist who advocates massive military cuts. Nor a single one who has openly sided with the peace movement. The opinion elites have gradually allowed the concept of immediate withdrawal from Iraq on to the front page, without taking the radical step of turning the U.S. away from cosmos a threatening bully on a global scale. (Chopra, 2005)Who cares?This issue the most circulated news of the planet of earth is the killing of unarmed Osama Bin Laden the famous leader of CIA created terrorist organisation Al-Qaeda. This killing news captures wholly media attention. The Noble Lauriat on Peace US President Obamas popularity already change magnitude with his successful killing mission of an unarmed terrorist (their creation). It is now very pugnacious to define the reporting character whether those ar e reflecting peace journalism or propaganda journalism. Some people accept the killing as an act towards peace and some are totally reversed.For example journalist Robert Fisk is a successful media personality, who is continuously criticising the aggressions and imperialistic activities of superpowers. The view of this author is that Robert Fisks articles are the latest version of journalism and the ultimate target is to reduce conflict if the conflict creators piss the message of his articles. This type of article which was criticising the conflict makers might not be acceptable by the super powers or by some others audiences who like to watch jolt and war. Fisks articles always bring some messages which never in favour of War Lords or War super powers.So it is severe to measure the peace journalism without a definite standard to correspond with anything.ConclusionsAt this stage of the planet earth where the Homo sapiens are living for a consecutive period might enter in a dang erous band of time cycle. People are used to watch wars and conflicts through news media and movies. New generations love to see thrill and suspense with fighting. Even people are enjoying the latest video game of the assaasination of Osama Bin Laden. Huge people gather around any show on armaments in different countries of the planet. They love to see the heroes till the disaster falls into their own life. This is reality. But it varies with time and circumstances. Though peace journalism faced controversy from the beginning, its existance now also the reality of journalism. Peace Journalism basically exist on research, academic and theory rather than practical. Audience also like to see war journalism but like the idea of Peace Journalism for all mankind. But for Peace Journalism to become a reality it requires a complete shift in the thinking of the media machine, at the moment there are few voices speech production out in favour of it. Only when that changes can there be any ho pe for Peace Journalism. For audiences to accept it all of our mainstream media sources must do it.AcknowledgementThis eassy has been read by Mr. Joseph Coffey my classmate and I acknowledged his all-encompassing cooperation to correct my mistakes.